Then and Now

The Catholic Diocese of Springfield in Illinois has announced that Sts. Peter and Paul Parish in Springfield will be closed effective December 1, 2001 due to declining numbers of parish members and the limited number of priests available to minister in the diocese. Even though the parish will be closed, the decision on the future of the 135-year old church and adjacent rectory, located at Sixth and Reynolds streets, is still under advisement. Sts. Peter and Paul Church is Springfield's oldest standing Catholic parish church.

The parish's geographic territory south of Carpenter Street will be annexed to the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, located at Sixth and Lawrence streets. Territory north of Carpenter Street will be annexed to St. Joseph Parish, 1345 North Sixth Street.

The decree closing the parish officially transfers all registers, sacramental records, archives and seals of the parish to the Cathedral of the Immaculate  Conception.

TIME LINE FOR EFFINGHAM COUNTY

I recently went to a seminar and learned a lot about land searches, migration of ancestors, etc. I remember one phrase: "Your people may not have moved, but their land may have." The speaker suggested making a "time line" for the county you are researching, because even though the land didn't really move, the county boundaries certainly may have. So.....I worked up a time line for Effingham County, and was I ever surprised. I was looking in wrong places!!!!  So to share with all of you, here is the time line I worked up for Effingham County.

EFFINGHAM COUNTY POOR FARM & CEMETERY

Effingham County had a poor farm for nearly 80 years, first at the old courthouse in Ewington beginning around 1860, then in Watson Township from the 1890's until about 1940.  The county privatized the operation  in 1931.  The Social Security Act of 1935 gave the elderly and disabled a safety net and made poor farms obsolete.  Consequently, the Effingham County Poor Farm was closed around 1940.  The 1930 census showed the caretaker's family, plus eight "inmates".  The two-story home that housed the residents was torn down in the 1940's.  The cemetery is adjacent to the Poor Farm. No one has been buried in the cemetery for nearly 70 years, but so far 63 graves have been identified in the cemetery, which has long been taken over by brush and woodland.

The area's historical significance is invaluable.  As of July, 2008 a group of history-minded folks in Effingham County are interested in restoring the old cemetery.  An ad-hoc committee has been formed under the authority of the Effingham County Board.  Once the area is cleared and all the graves are located, the committee hopes to put a granite marker on the site with a brief historical summary.

Location: South and west of the Effingham County Memorial Airport near Heartville in Watson Township.  As of July 2008, there is no public access to the site.

EFFINGHAM COUNTY TOWN NAME CHANGES

• Barlow - Holland
• Boo Hoo - Moccasin
• Bristol - Mason
• Broughton - Effingham
• Crossroads - Franklin
• Liberty - Beecher City (thanks, Cindy Le Mons)
• Welton - Gilmore
• Winterrowd aka Tailhold

VANISHED EFFINGHAM COUNTY TOWNS

• Blue Point
• Bob Done (Actually in Fayette County, but the buildings were moved to Beecher City)
• Broomsburg
• Bull Flat -  was in the northwestern part of Douglas Township (near present-day Green Creek) - settled by people from Tennessee (from The History of Effingham Co. (1883))
  
• Dexter
• Eberle
• Elliottstown
• Ewington
• Fiddlers' Ridge - was a settlement; never actually a town.  It was south of Effingham on Route 45.  It was the high table land about 1/2 mile wide on the east bank of the Wabash River and between Bishop Creek and Salt Creek.
• Grandville
• Green Creek -  a "settlement" north of Effingham on Route 45.  It is not an official town, but a community with a school, Catholic church and cemetery.
  
• Hill
• Franklin
• Flensburg
• Funkhouser - once was a thriving town, but is now a "community".
  
• Keptown
• Mountville
• Shumway (being revitalized as of the late 1990's)
• Ta-Ha-Nah

DISEASES - THEN AND NOW

(You May Find These in Old Death Records)

• Ablepsy - blindness
• Abscess - boil
• Addison's Disease (aka bronzed skin disease) - a disease characterized by severe weakness, low blood pressure and a bronzed coloration of the skin.
• Ague - a fever, usually malarial, marked by regularly recurring chills.
• American Plague - Yellow fever.
• Anasarca - dropsy
• Anthrax - carbuncle or large painful boil.
• Aphonia - laryngitis.
• Aphtha - the infant disease "thrush".
• Apoplexy - paralysis due to stroke.
• Arachnitis - inflammation of membranes in the brain.
• Ascetis - probably liver disease from cirrhosis or cancer; perhaps kidney or heart disease.
• Atrophy - wasting away or diminishing in size.
• Bad Blood - syphilis.
• Barbers Itch - Ringworm of the beard.
• Bilious Colic - typhoid; hepatitis; typhus.
• Billary Calculis - stones in the gallbladder, probably with infection or rupture of the gallbladder.
• Billous Fever - a fever caused by a disorder of the liver.
• Black Plague - bubonic plague.
• Black Fever - acute infection with high temperature and dark red skin lesions and high mortality rate.
• Bladder in Throat - diptheria.
• Bone Shave - Sciatica
• Brain Fever - probably a meningitis, perhaps polio or an encephalitis.
• Breakbone - Dengue fever.
• Bright's Disease - kidney inflammation.
• Bronze John - Yellow fever.
• Bronzed Skin Disease - See Addison's Disease.
• Cachexy - malnutrition.
• Caduceus - falling sickness or epilepsy.
• Camp Fever - typhus
• Cancer - malignant growth, carcinoma.
• Canine Madness - rabies, hydrophia.
• Canker - probably a mouth infection with gangrene. Perhaps a misspelling of cancer.
• Catalepsy - seizures; trances
• Cerebritis - inflammation of cerebrum or lead poisoning.
• Cerebrospinala Fever - See Meningitis
• Chilblains - Painful sore or swelling of the foot or hand caused by exposure to the cold.
• Child Bed Fever - infection following the birth of a child.
• Chin Cough - Whooping Cough.
• Cholelithiasis - Gall stones.
• Cholera - any of several intestinal diseases, but mainly an acute, severe, infectious disease characterized by profuse diarrhea, intestinal pain and dehydration.
• Chorea - Saint Vitus' Dance.
• Clap - Gonorrhea.
• Commotion - concussion
• Consumption -  see Tuberculosis. Also known as marasmus; phthisis.
• Corruption - infection.
• Costiveness - constipation.
• Cramp Colic - appendicitis.
• Crusted Tetter - Impetigo.
• Cystitis - inflammation of the bladder.
• Decrepitude - feebleness due to old age.
• Dementia Paralytica - term for the advanced stage of syphilis. (Thank you Patty Frazer!)
• Dengue - infectious fever from East Africa.
• Diptheria - an acute infectious disease caused by a bacterium and characterized by weakness, high fever and the formation in the air passages of a tough, membrane-like obstruction to breathing.
• Dock Fever - Yellow Fever.
• Dropsy - an accumulation of fluid in the body, probably heart or kidney disease.
• Dysentery - any of various intestinal inflammations characterized by abdominal pain and intense diarrhea with bloody, mucous feces.
• Dyspepsia - any disorder of the stomach of intestine, usually over a long time. May have been a ruptured ulcer, colitis, cancer, etc.
• Elephantiasis - form of leprosy.
• Encephalitis - swelling of the brain; aka sleeping sickness.
• Enteric Fever - Typhoid fever.
• Epilepsy - a disorder of the nervous system characterized by convulsions.
• Epitaxis - nose bleed.
• Erisipelas/Erysipelas (aka Rose, Saint Anthony's Fire) - an acute infectious disease of the skin or mucous membranes caused by a streptococcus and characterized by local inflammation and fever.
• Falling Sickness - Epilepsy.
• Flu - See Influenza
• Flux, Interries, Summer Complaint - These all represent diarrhea, perhaps dysentery, typhoid, cholera or food poisoning. Summer complaint was usually used for children, especially their second summer. Interries is probably enteritis.
• French Pox - Syphilis.
• Furuncle - boil.
• Gangrene - death and decay of tissue in a part of the body.
• Gastro Enteritis - an intestinal upset. Perhaps typhoid, dysentery, or cholera. Possibly a ruptured stomach ulcer, colitis, cancer.
• Glanders - a contagious disease of horses, mules, etc. characterized by fever, swelling of glands beneath the lower jaw, inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes, etc.  It can be transmitted to man and certain other animals.
• Glandular Fever - mononucleosis.
• Gleet - Urinary tract disease.
• Gravel - Kidney or bladder stones.
• Great Pox - Syphilis.
• Green  Sickness - anemia.
• Grippe - Influenza
• Grocer's Itch - skin disease caused by mites in sugar or flour.
• Hemiplegy - paralysis of one side of the body.
• Hip Gout - Osteomylitis.
• Hives - skin eruption with severe itching.
• Hospital Fever - Typhus.
• Hunt Fever - strep throat
• Hydrophobia - rabies.
• Icterus - jaundice.
• Impetigo - contagious skin disease characteized by pustules.
• Infantile Paralysis - polio.
• Influenza - an acute, contagious, infectious disease caused by any of a specific group of viruses and characterized by inflammation of the respiratory tract, fever and muscular pain. (Also called "flu".)
• Intermittent Fever - a fever characterized by periodic intervals when the body temperature returns to normal.
• Jail Fever - typhus
• Jaundice - Yellow discoloratin of the skin, whites of the eyes, and mucous membranes.
• Kings Evil - Scrofula.
• Kruchhusten - whooping cough.
• Lagrippe - influenza.
• Lockjaw - tetanus.
• Lues Disease - Syphilis.
• Lues venera - venereal disease.
• Lumbago - back pain.
• Lung Fever - pneumonia
• Lung Sickness - Tuberculosis.
• Malaria - this was once thought to be from exposure to bad air in swamps. It is an infectious disease, generally intermittent and recurrent, caused by any of various protozoans that are parasitic in the red blood corpuscles and are transmitted to man by the bite of an infected mosquito. It is characterized by severe chills and fever.
• Mania - Insanity.
• Marasma, Marrasmus, Inanetion - an extreme malnutrition or severe wasting, especially of children. Often due to diarrhea, vomiting and chronic disease or starvation.
• Marasmus - consumption; tuberculosis.
• Measles - A highly infectious, communicable virus disease, characterized by small red spots on the skin, high fever, nasal discharge, etc. and occurring most frequently in childhood.
• Membranous Croup - Diptheria.
• Meningitis - An inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal column and is the result of infection from bacteria or viruses.
• Metritis - a severe infection of the woman's uterus with purulent vaginal discharge.
• Miasma - Poisonous vapors thought to infect air.
• Milk Fever - Disease from drinking contaminated milk.
• Milk Sickness - a rare disease, caused by consuming dairy products or flesh from cattle that have eaten any of various poisonous weeds. For some reason, this seems to have been linked to nursing mothers that died.
• Mormal - gangrene.
• Morphew - scurvy
• Myelitis - inflammation of the spine.
• Necrosis - motificatin of bones or tissue.
• Nephrosis - kidney degeneration.
• Nepritis - inflammation of the kidneys.
• Neuralgia - a disease of the nerves. May have been a meningitis, brain tumor, polio, epilepsy.
• Nostalgia - homesickness.
• Opthalmia - a severe inflammation of the eyeball or conjunctiva.
• Palsy - Uncontrolled movement of muscles.
• Paristhmitis - quinsey.
• Paroxysm - convulsions.
• Pellagra - disease caused by eating spoiled corn.
• Pertussis - whooping cough
• Phthisis - Tuberculosis; marasmus.
• Phthisis Pulmoniasis - lung consumption (a big thank-you to Larry Wernle for this one)
• Phthiriasis - lice infestation.
• Plague/Black Death - Bubonic plague.
• Pleurisy - inflammation of the lining of the chest cavity.
• Pneumonia - inflammation of the lungs.
• Podagra - gout.
• Poliomyelitis - polio.
• Potts Disease - Tuberculosis of the spinal vertebrae.
• Pox - syphilis.
• Puerpural Convulsions - Toxemia of pregnancy with hypertension, edema, etc. Convulsions are frequent.
• Puerperal Exhaustion - death due to childbirth.
• Puerpural Fever - infection associated with childbirth; sepsis sometimes occurring during childbirth.
• Puking Fever - milk sickness.
• Putrid Fever - typhus.
• Pyemia - Blood poisoning.
• Pyrexia - dysentery.
• Quinsing - almost certainly QUINSEY, an abscess of the throat; tonsillitis.
• Remitting Fever - Malaria.
• Rheumatism - pain in joints.
• Rickets - disease of skeletal system.
• Rose Cold - Hay fever; allergies.
• Roseola - false measles.
• Rubeola - German measles.
• Scallue, Scroffula - a tuberculosis, especially of the glands, but often spreading to the rest of the body.
• Scarlet Fever - a highly contagious disease, especially of children. Characterized by sore throat, fever and a scarlet rash.
• Sciatica - rheumatism in the hips.
• Scirrhus - cancerous tumors.
• Scrivener's palsy - writer's cramp.
• Screws - Rheumatism.
• Scrofula - tuberculosis of the lymphastic glands especially in the neck.
• Scrumpox - impetigo
• Scurvy - lack of vitamin C.
• Septicemia - blood poisoning
• Shakes - delirium tremens.
• Shingles - viral disease with skin blisters.
• Ship Fever - typhus.
• Sloes - milk sickness.
• St. Anthony's Fire - also known as Erisipelas/Erysipelas - an acute infectious disease of the skin or mucous membranes caused by a streptococcus and characterized by local inflammation and fever.
• Smallpox - a highly contagious viral disease characterized by prolonged fever, vomiting, and eruptions on the skin that often left pitted scars (or pockmarks) when healed.
• Spanish Influenza - epidemic influenza.
• Spasms - sudden involuntary contraction of muscles; convulsion.
• Spina Bifida - deformity of spine.
• Spotted Fever - Typhus or meningitis.
• St. Vitas' Dance - ceaseless occurrence of involuntary rapid jerking movements.
• Strangers' Fever - yellow fever.
• Strangery - rupture.
• Swamp Fever - malaria
• Tertian Fever - occurring every other day, usually every third day, applied to fever or a disease causing it, especially certain forms of malaria.
• Tetanus - lockjaw.
• Thrombosis - blood clot inside blood vessel.
• Tick Fever - Rocky Mountain spotted fever.
• Trench Mouth - painful ulcers on gums.
• Tuberculosis - an infectious disease characterized by the formation of tubercles in various tissues of the body, especially the lungs.  Also called consumption.
• Tussis Convulsive - Whooping Cough.
• Typhoid - a highly infectious disease acquired by ingesting food or water contaminated by excreta.  It was formerly considered a form of typhus and is characterized by fever, intestinal disorders, etc.
• Typhus - acute infection disease transmitted by lice and fleas.
• Variola - smallpox
• Winter Fever - probably influenza, pneumonia.
• Womb Fever - infection of the uterus.
• Yellow Fever - a highly infectious disease caused by a virus transmitted by the bite of the yellow-fever mosquito. It is characterized by fever, jaundice, vomiting, etc.
• Yellow Jacket - Yellow fever.

Time Line for Known Wars*,
Epidemics & Natural Disasters in Illinois

Note:* Unless otherwise noted, events are limited to Illinois or a territory that included Illinois....

OCCUPATIONS

• Accomptant - accountant
• Accoucheur/Accoucheus - one who assisted women in childbirth
• Accoutrement maker/accoutre - supplier of military accessories
• Ackerman/Acreman - ploughman, an oxherder
• Actuary - kept public accounts of business
• Aeronaut - balloonist or a trapeze artist in the circus or music halls
• Affeeror - tax assessor
• Alblastere - crossbow archer
• Alderman - city official (usually one position down from mayor)
• Alewife - woman tavernkeeper
• Almoner - giver of charity to the needy
• Amanuensis - secretary or stenographer
• Apiarian - beekeeper
• Apothecary - prepared and sold medicines or drugs; pharmacist
• Apprentice - was bound to a skilled worker to learn the trade; one of three grades of skill recognized by the Guild of Crafts [apprentice; journeyman; master])
• Archiator - physician
• Artificer - a soldier mechanic who does repairs
• Assayer - determined the proportions of metal to ore
• Aurifaber - goldsmith
• Badgy Fiddler - boy trumpeter in the military
• Bagman - traveling salesman
• Gagniokeeper - in charge of a bath house or brothel
• Bailie - bailiff
• Barber - also could act as a dentist
• Bard - poet
• Barker - tanner
• Barrister - lawyer; solicitor
• Batman - officer's servant in the military
• Baxter- baker
• Besom Maker - broom maker
• Bladesmith - swordmaker or knife maker
• Blentonist - water diviner
• Bluestocking - a female writer
• Boarding Officer - inspected ships before they entered port
• Boardwright - carpenter
• Boatman - worked on boats primarily on rivers and canals
• Boatswain - ship's officer in charge of rigging and sails
• Bobby - policeman (probably in England, Canada, or Australia)
• Boniface - a keeper of an inn
• Boonmaster - surveyor of roads (included maintaining and repairing road)
• Botcher - tailor or cobbler
• Brazier - one who works with brass
• Brewster - beer brewer
• Brightsmith - metal worker
• Buffalo Soldier - black soldier serving in a black regiment in the US Army in the American West
• Bullwhacker - oxen driver
• Bummer - army deserter
• Burgonmeister/Burgomaster - mayor
• Busker - hair dresser
• Butner - button maker
• Cafender - carpenter
• Cambist - banker
• Cartographer - map maker
• Cartwright - maker of carts and wagons
• Catechista - teacher of religion
• Caulker - one who fills up cracks (in ships or windows) to make them watertight (using tar or oakum-hemp fiber from old ropes)
• Chaisemaker - carriage maker
• Chandler - dealer or trader; one who makes or sells candles; grocer
• Charwoman - cleaning woman
• Chiffonnier - wig maker
• Chimney Sweep - chimney cleaner
• Clacker - magician; astrologer
• Clark - clerk
• Clicker - the servant of a salesman who stood at the door to invite customers in; one who made eyelet holes in shoes.
• Clod Hopper - plowman
• Clogger - maker of woden shoes
• Coalier - maker of charcoal (thanks to James R. Clayton)
• Cobbler - shoe maker
• Cohen - priest
• Collier - coal  miner
• Colporteur - book peddler
• Confectioner - one who owns a bakery (thanks to Sammie Leap)
• Cooper - one who makes or repairs vessels formed of staves and hoops, such as casks, barrels, tubs, etc.
• Cordwainier - shoemaker
• Costermonger - peddler of fruits and vegetables
• Coxwain - ship or boat helmsman
• Crocker - potter
• Crofter - tenant of a small piece of land
• Cropper - tenant who is paid with a share of the crop
• Crowner - coroner
• Currier - horse groomer
• Daguerreotype Artist - early photographer
• Delver - ditch digger
• Docker - stevedore, dock worker
• Domestic - household servant
• Dowser - one who finds water
• Dragoon - mounted infantryman
• Draper - a dealer in dry goods
• Drayman - one who drives a cart without fixed sides for heavy loads
• Dresser - surgeon's assistant in a hospital
• Drover - cowboy (one who drives cattle to market); cattle dealer
• Drummer - traveling salesman
• Duffer - peddler
• Factor - agent; commission merchant
• Farrier - one who shoes horses; blacksmith
• Faulkner - falconer
• Fell Monger - one who removes hair or wool from hides
• Feller - woodcutter
• Fletcher - one who made bows and arrows
• Fuller - one who cleans and finishes cloth
• Gaoler - jailer
• Glazier - window glassman
• Granger - farmer
• Haberdasher - seller of men's clothing
• Hacker - maker of hoes
• Hatcheler - one who combed out or carded flax
• Haymonger - dealer in hay
• Hayward - keeper of fences
• Higgler - Itinerant peddler
• Hillier - roof tiler
• Hind - farm laborer
• Hobbler - boat tower on a river or canal
• Hodsman - mason's assistant
• Hoofer - dancer
• Hooker - reaper (yeah, sure)....the Civil War brought common use of the term to describe "camp followers"......came from General Joe Hooker's army who started calling the camp followers "hookers"....
• Hooper - one who made hoops for casks and barrels
• Hosier - retailer of stockings, socks, gloves, nightcaps
• Hosteller - innkeeper
• Hostler - groom who takes care of horses at an inn
• House Wright - house builder
• Huckster - seller of small wares
• Husbandman - tenant farmer
• Iceman - seller or deliverer of ice
• Interfactor - murderer
• Jagger - fish peddler
• Jobber - a buyer in quantity to sell to others
• Joiner/Joyner - carpenter
• Journeyman - one who served his apprenticeship (one of three grades of skill recognized by the Guild of Crafts [apprentice, journeyman, master])
• Kedger - fisherman
• Keeler - bargeman
• Kempster - wool comber
• Knocknobbler - dog catcher
• Knoller - church bell ringer
• Lagger - sailor
• Lardner - keeper of the cupboard
• Laster - shoe maker
• Lavender - washerwoman
• Lederer - leather maker
• Leech - physician
• Longshoreman - stevedore
• Lormer - maker of horse gear
• Lum Swooper - chimney sweep
• Maid - female domestic servant
• Malendar - farmer
• Maltster - brewer
• Manciple - steward
• Mango - slave dealer
• Mantua maker - dressmaker
• Mason - bricklayer; stone cutter
• Master - one of three grades of skill recognized by the Guild of Crafts (apprentice, journeyman, master)
• Midwife -  experienced woman who assisted in childbirth
• Millner - maker of women's hat
• Mintmaster - one who issued local currency
• Monger - seller of goods (ale, fish)
• Muleskinner - teamster
• Muleteer - mule driver
• Neatherder - herded cows
• Nedeller - needle maker
• Noterer - notary
• Ordinary Keeper - Innkeeper with fixed prices
• Out Crier - auctioneer
• Pantler - butler
• Pasteler - pastry chef
• Pastor - shepherd
• Pedascule - schoolmaster
• Perambulator - surveyor
• Peregrinator - itinerant wanderer
• Peruker - wig maker
• Pettifogger - a shyster lawyer
• Pigman - crockery dealer
• Piker - tramp; vagrant
• Piller - thief; robber
• Pilot - person who steered ships
• Plumber - one wo applied sheet lead for roofing and set lead frames for pain or stained-glass windows
• Poleman - surveyor's assistant
• Ponderator - inspector of weights and measures
• Porter - door keeper; gate keeper
• Potato Badger - seller of potatoes
• Preceptress - school mistress
• Prentis - apprentice
• Proctor - official of a university
• Prothonary - law clerk
• Publican - innkeeper
• Puddler - wrought iron worker
• Puggard - thief
• Punky - chimney sweep
• Purser - ship's officer in charge of provisions and accounts
• Quarrier - quarry worker
• Rag Man -  collector of old clothes and rags
• Ratoner - rat catcher
• Reeve - church warden
• Registrar - town official who recorded births, deaths, marriages and land records
• Rigger - hoist tackle worker
• Ripper - fish seller
• Roper - rope maker or net maker
• Rockgetter - rocksalt miner
• Rodman - surveyor's assistant
• Runner - smuggler
• Rustler - cattle thief
• Saddler - saddle maker, harness maker
• Sawbones - physician
• Sawyer - carpenter
• Schumacker - shoemaker
• Scribe - clerk
• Scribler - minor or worthless author
• Scrimer - fencing master
• Scrivener - professional or public copyist or writer; notary public
• Scrutiner- election judge
• Searcher - customs official
• Sempster - seamstress
• Sexton - employee or officer of a church in charge of its maintenance; sometimes rang bells and/or dug graves
• Sharecropper - tenant farmer who would be paid with part of the crop
• Shearer - removed fleece from sheep
• Ship Husband - repairer of ships while they were in harbor
• Ship Master - owner (or captain) of a ship
• Shrieve - sheriff
• Sickleman - harvested crops with a sickle
• Skinner - dealer in hides; mule driver
• Slater - roofer
• Snobscat - one who repaired shoes
• Solicitor - lawyer
• Sorter - tailor
• Spinster - unmarried woman; woman who spun cloth for a living
• Spurrer - spur maker
• Squire - country gentleman; farm owner; justice of the peace
• Stationer - bookseller, seller of paper & writing instruments
• Statist - politician
• Steeple Jack - cleaned flag poles, church steeples
• Stuff Gown/Stuff Gownsman - junior barrister
• Supercargo - officer on merchant ship
• Sutler - merchant or peddler in an army camp
• Tanner - one who cures animal hides
• Tailor - one who made or repaired clothes
• Tapley - one to puts the tap in an ale cask
• Tanner - leather maker
• Tasker - reaper
• Teamster - one who drives a horse team for hauling
• Thatcher - roofer
• Thresher - one who separated the grain from the husks and straw
• Tide waiter - customs inspector
• Tinker - in itinerant tin pot and pan seller; repairman
• Tipstaff - policeman
• Tobacco Spinner - cigar maker
• Town Crier - one who made public announcements in the streets
• Tranter - peddler
• Travers - toll bridge collector
• Tucker - cleaner of cloth goods
• Turner - one who turns wood on a lathe into spindles
• Turnkey - prison warden or jail keeper
• Valet - male servant
• Victualler - keeper of a restaurant or tavern; one who provisions an army, navy, or ship with food.
• Vintner - wine merchant
• Vulcan - blacksmith
• Wagoner - teasmster not for hire
• Wainwright - wagon maker or wagon repairer
• Waiter - customs officer
• Wakeman - night watchman
• Warder - prison guard
• Waterman - boatman for hire
• Wayman - road surveyor
• Weatherspy - astrologer
• Webster - operator of looms
• Wet Nurse - woman employed to suckle the child or another (a common practice among the rich)
• Wharfinger - owner of a wharf
• Wheelwright - made or repaired wheels for carriages, etc.
• Whipperin - managed the hounds in a hunt
• Whitesmith - tinsmith
• Whitewing - street sweeper
• Whitster - cloth bleacher
• Wright - workman (especially a construction worker)
• Wyrth - laborer
• Yarb - a person who heals with the use of herbs and plants (probably the original homeopathic doctor). This information is courtesy of Mary Ready-Gatewood. Thanks, Mary!
• Yeoman - a farmer who owns his own land